[Ten questions about hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk]. in Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006) / G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2025 Mar;26(3):147-158. doi: 10.1714/4454.44482.

2025
AO Cuneo

Tipo pubblicazione

Review

Autori/Collaboratori (20)Vedi tutti...

Gil Ad V
Dipartimento Cardio-toraco-vascolare, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova.
Di Fusco SA
U.O.C. Cardiologia Clinica e Riabilitativa, Presidio Ospedaliero San Filippo Neri - ASL Roma 1, Roma.
Manes MT
U.O.C. Cardiologia-UTIC Cetraro-Paola, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza.

et alii...

Abstract

The impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the cardiovascular (CV) system in menopausal women has been the subject of significant debate for many years. After a phase marked by restrictive use following the outcomes of the first randomized trials in the 2000s, the last decade has witnessed a significant reassessment of the risks and benefits of therapy, especially CV risk. Thanks to new studies conducted in more selected populations and sub-analyses of earlier trials, there is now ample evidence regarding the high safety profile of HRT, and even protection on the CV system, for young women with a low CV risk profile in the early menopausal phase. This evidence has been incorporated into all national and international menopausal guidelines and, recently, also in a consensus document by the European Society of Cardiology. Therefore, the cardiologist assumes a central role in the risk assessment and treatment of modifiable CV risk factors during the menopausal transition, a critical period for women as it is associated with significant changes in the glycometabolic balance. This article summarises current knowledge on the subject and provides practical guidance for the cardiological management of such patients.

Accesso banca dati bibliografica

PMID : 39998343

DOI : 10.1714/4454.44482

Keywords

Humans; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control/chemically induced; Female; Menopause; Hormone Replacement Therapy/adverse effects/methods; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Risk Assessment; Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects/methods; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Risk Factors;